7月10日，中國電力(li)企(qi)業(ye)聯合(he)會(hui)舉辦新聞發布(bu)會(hui)，發布(bu)《中國電力(li)行業(ye)年度發展報告2025》(簡稱“報告”)。

《報告》顯示，截(jie)至2024年(nian)底，全(quan)國(guo)全(quan)口徑發電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝機容量33.5億(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)長14.6%。其中，并網(wang)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)5.2億(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)長18.0%(其中陸上風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)4.8億(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，海上風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)4127萬千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa));并網(wang)太陽能(neng)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)8.9億(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)長45.4%(其中，光伏(fu)(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)8.7億(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，集中式光伏(fu)(fu)5.1億(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，分布式光伏(fu)(fu)3.8億(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa))。

2024年，全國新(xin)(xin)增(zeng)發電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)機容量4.3億(yi)千瓦，同(tong)比增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)17.2%。其中，新(xin)(xin)增(zeng)并(bing)網風電(dian)(dian)8137萬千瓦，同(tong)比增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)6.8%;新(xin)(xin)增(zeng)并(bing)網太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)發電(dian)(dian)2.8億(yi)千瓦，占全國總(zong)新(xin)(xin)增(zeng)裝(zhuang)機的比重為63.9%，同(tong)比增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)27.7%。風電(dian)(dian)和(he)太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)發電(dian)(dian)的新(xin)(xin)增(zeng)裝(zhuang)機在新(xin)(xin)增(zeng)裝(zhuang)機總(zong)容量中占比高(gao)達82.6%。

全國發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)100869億(yi)千(qian)瓦時(shi)，同比(bi)(bi)增長(chang)6.7%。其中(zhong)，風電(dian)(dian)9970億(yi)千(qian)瓦時(shi)，同比(bi)(bi)增長(chang)12.5%，占(zhan)總發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)的(de)9.9%;太陽(yang)能(neng)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)8390億(yi)千(qian)瓦時(shi)，同比(bi)(bi)增長(chang)43.6%，占(zhan)總發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)的(de)8.3%。風電(dian)(dian)和(he)太陽(yang)能(neng)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)均保持快速增長(chang)，合計發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)同比(bi)(bi)增加(jia)3661億(yi)千(qian)瓦時(shi)，占(zhan)全年總發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)增量(liang)的(de)58.1%。

全國主要電(dian)(dian)力企業(ye)合計完成投資(zi)18178億(yi)元，同比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)13.9%。風電(dian)(dian)投資(zi)3163億(yi)元，同比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)10.9%;太陽(yang)能(neng)發電(dian)(dian)投資(zi)4478億(yi)元，同比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)1.9%。需要指出(chu)的是，從投資(zi)增(zeng)(zeng)速(su)來看，風電(dian)(dian)是光伏(fu)的5.74倍。

全(quan)國新能源上網電量(liang)18351億(yi)(yi)千瓦(wa)時(shi)，其中市場化交易(yi)電量(liang)達10117億(yi)(yi)千瓦(wa)時(shi)，占(zhan)全(quan)部新能源發電的(de)比(bi)重為(wei)55%。

全年核(he)發綠(lv)證47.34億(yi)個(ge)(ge)，同比增長(chang)超28倍(bei)。全國綠(lv)證交易(yi)(yi)規模4.46億(yi)個(ge)(ge)，同比翻兩番(fan)，其(qi)中綠(lv)證單獨交易(yi)(yi)2.77億(yi)個(ge)(ge)，以(yi)跨省(sheng)交易(yi)(yi)為主;綠(lv)色電力交易(yi)(yi)綠(lv)證1.69億(yi)個(ge)(ge)，以(yi)省(sheng)內交易(yi)(yi)為主。

《報告》以電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)行(xing)業統(tong)計與調查數據為依據，系統(tong)回顧了(le)我(wo)國電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)行(xing)業2024年(nian)各項成(cheng)就，展(zhan)(zhan)望了(le)2025年(nian)發展(zhan)(zhan)前景，全(quan)面反(fan)映中國電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)行(xing)業發展(zhan)(zhan)與改革現狀(zhuang)。內容涵蓋了(le)電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)法規政策(ce)、電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)消費、生產與供需，電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)投資與建設(she)、市場建設(she)等13個方面。

據了(le)解，這是中電聯連續20年發布年度發展報告。

全文如下：

《中國電力行業年度發展報告2025》

(發布稿)

2024年是實(shi)現(xian)“十(shi)四(si)五”規(gui)劃(hua)目標(biao)任務的(de)(de)關鍵一年，電(dian)力行(xing)業認真學習貫徹(che)黨的(de)(de)二(er)(er)十(shi)大(da)和(he)二(er)(er)十(shi)屆二(er)(er)中、三中全(quan)(quan)會精神，以高度(du)的(de)(de)政治(zhi)擔當，積極踐行(xing)“人(ren)民電(dian)業為人(ren)民”服(fu)務宗旨(zhi)和(he)“四(si)個革(ge)命(ming)、一個合作”能源安全(quan)(quan)新(xin)(xin)戰略，統(tong)籌(chou)做好保(bao)供電(dian)、促轉型、抓改革(ge)、強創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)、優服(fu)務等各項工作，全(quan)(quan)力以赴保(bao)障電(dian)力供應、持續推(tui)(tui)動能源綠色低(di)碳轉型、大(da)力推(tui)(tui)進行(xing)業改革(ge)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)，實(shi)現(xian)了電(dian)力清(qing)潔低(di)碳、安全(quan)(quan)高效發展，為推(tui)(tui)動經濟高質量發展和(he)滿足人(ren)民美好生活(huo)需(xu)要提供了堅強電(dian)力保(bao)障。

回顧2024，電力(li)發展呈現如下特點：

一、全社會用電量持續增長

2024年(nian)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)全(quan)(quan)社(she)會用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)98540億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi)①，同(tong)(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)6.8%，增(zeng)(zeng)速較上年(nian)提高0.1個百分(fen)點。受一季(ji)度低溫、閏年(nian)及四季(ji)度暖冬(dong)等因素的(de)影響，各季(ji)度全(quan)(quan)社(she)會用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)同(tong)(tong)比分(fen)別增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)9.8%、6.5%、7.6%、3.6%，增(zeng)(zeng)速呈現前(qian)高后低的(de)特(te)點。2024年(nian)，第(di)(di)一產(chan)業用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)1358億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi)，同(tong)(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)6.4%;第(di)(di)二產(chan)業用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)63896億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi)，同(tong)(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)5.2%，占全(quan)(quan)社(she)會用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)的(de)64.8%;第(di)(di)三產(chan)業用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)18350億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi)，同(tong)(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)9.9%，占全(quan)(quan)社(she)會用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)的(de)18.6%;城鄉居(ju)民生活用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)14936億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi)，同(tong)(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)10.5%，占全(quan)(quan)社(she)會用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)的(de)15.2%。

二、第二產業對全社會用電量增長貢獻率接近一半，新興產業用電成為拉動電力消費增長主動力

從(cong)用電增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)構成看，第二產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)第三產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)的拉動分(fen)(fen)別達(da)到3.4和(he)(he)1.8個百分(fen)(fen)點(dian)(dian)，對全(quan)社會(hui)用電量(liang)(liang)(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)的貢獻率分(fen)(fen)別為49.9%和(he)(he)26.3%。第二產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)中(zhong)，高(gao)(gao)技術及(ji)(ji)裝備(bei)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)(ye)用電量(liang)(liang)(liang)同比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)10.3%，超(chao)過制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)(ye)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速(su)5.2個百分(fen)(fen)點(dian)(dian)。其中(zhong)，光伏設(she)備(bei)及(ji)(ji)元(yuan)器件制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)(ye)用電量(liang)(liang)(liang)同比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)19.2%，新(xin)能源整車制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)用電量(liang)(liang)(liang)同比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)34.3%，風機(ji)設(she)備(bei)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)用電量(liang)(liang)(liang)同比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)26.6%，延(yan)續了近年來(lai)我國制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)(ye)轉型(xing)升級(ji)的特點(dian)(dian)。在移動互聯網、大數(shu)據、云計算等快速(su)發展(zhan)帶動下，互聯網和(he)(he)相(xiang)關(guan)服務(wu)用電量(liang)(liang)(liang)同比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)20.5%;在電動汽車的高(gao)(gao)速(su)發展(zhan)帶動下，充換電服務(wu)業(ye)(ye)同比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)51.1%，近幾(ji)年來(lai)保持高(gao)(gao)速(su)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)勢頭。

三、電力總裝機保持快速增長

截至(zhi)2024年底，全(quan)國全(quan)口(kou)徑發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝機(ji)(ji)容(rong)量33.5億(yi)千瓦(wa)(wa)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)比增長(chang)(chang)(chang)14.6%。其中，水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)4.36億(yi)千瓦(wa)(wa)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)比增長(chang)(chang)(chang)3.1%(其中抽水(shui)蓄能5869萬(wan)千瓦(wa)(wa)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)比增長(chang)(chang)(chang)15.2%);火電(dian)(dian)(dian)14.4億(yi)千瓦(wa)(wa)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)比增長(chang)(chang)(chang)3.9%(煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)11.9億(yi)千瓦(wa)(wa)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)比增長(chang)(chang)(chang)2.6%，占總裝機(ji)(ji)容(rong)量比重降至(zhi)35.7%，同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)比降低4.2個百分(fen)(fen)點;氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)1.4億(yi)千瓦(wa)(wa)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)比增長(chang)(chang)(chang)13.9%;生物質(zhi)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)4597萬(wan)千瓦(wa)(wa)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)比增長(chang)(chang)(chang)4.1%);核電(dian)(dian)(dian)6083萬(wan)千瓦(wa)(wa)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)比增長(chang)(chang)(chang)6.9%;并(bing)網風電(dian)(dian)(dian)5.2億(yi)千瓦(wa)(wa)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)比增長(chang)(chang)(chang)18.0%(其中陸上(shang)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)4.8億(yi)千瓦(wa)(wa)，海上(shang)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)4127萬(wan)千瓦(wa)(wa));并(bing)網太陽能發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)8.9億(yi)千瓦(wa)(wa)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)比增長(chang)(chang)(chang)45.4%(其中，光(guang)伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)8.7億(yi)千瓦(wa)(wa)，集中式(shi)(shi)光(guang)伏5.1億(yi)千瓦(wa)(wa)，分(fen)(fen)布式(shi)(shi)光(guang)伏3.8億(yi)千瓦(wa)(wa))。

四、非化石能源發電新增裝機成為新增主體，風電和太陽能發電在新增裝機總容量中占比高達82.6%

2024年，全國新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝機(ji)容(rong)量(liang)4.3億千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)17.2%。其(qi)中(zhong)，新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)1379萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)46.2%(其(qi)中(zhong)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)抽水蓄能(neng)753萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)38.1%，占(zhan)(zhan)水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)裝機(ji)的(de)(de)54.6%);新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)5768萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)下降(jiang)12.7%(其(qi)中(zhong)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)3310萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)下降(jiang)30.7%;新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)1830萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)78.5%);新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)核電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)393萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)183.4%;新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)并網風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)8137萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)6.8%;新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)并網太陽能(neng)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)2.8億千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，占(zhan)(zhan)全國總新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)裝機(ji)的(de)(de)比(bi)重(zhong)為(wei)63.9%，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)27.7%。非化石能(neng)源發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)裝機(ji)3.8億千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，占(zhan)(zhan)總新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)裝機(ji)的(de)(de)87.3%。國家(jia)加快建設大型(xing)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)光伏基(ji)地，實施“千(qian)鄉萬(wan)(wan)(wan)村馭風行動(dong)”，風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)太陽能(neng)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)裝機(ji)在新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)裝機(ji)總容(rong)量(liang)中(zhong)占(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)高(gao)達82.6%。

五、風電和太陽能發電量成為發電量增量主體

2024年，全(quan)國發電(dian)(dian)量(liang)100869億(yi)(yi)千瓦(wa)時②，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)6.7%。其中，水電(dian)(dian)14257億(yi)(yi)千瓦(wa)時，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)10.9%，占(zhan)總(zong)(zong)發電(dian)(dian)量(liang)的14.1%;火電(dian)(dian)63743億(yi)(yi)千瓦(wa)時，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)1.7%，占(zhan)總(zong)(zong)發電(dian)(dian)量(liang)的63.2%;核電(dian)(dian)4509億(yi)(yi)千瓦(wa)時，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)3.7%，占(zhan)總(zong)(zong)發電(dian)(dian)量(liang)的4.5%;風電(dian)(dian)9970億(yi)(yi)千瓦(wa)時，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)12.5%，占(zhan)總(zong)(zong)發電(dian)(dian)量(liang)的9.9%;太陽能發電(dian)(dian)8390億(yi)(yi)千瓦(wa)時，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)43.6%，占(zhan)總(zong)(zong)發電(dian)(dian)量(liang)的8.3%。風電(dian)(dian)和太陽能發電(dian)(dian)量(liang)均保持快(kuai)速增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)，合計發電(dian)(dian)量(liang)同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)加3661億(yi)(yi)千瓦(wa)時，占(zhan)全(quan)年總(zong)(zong)發電(dian)(dian)量(liang)增(zeng)量(liang)的58.1%。

六、電網輸配電能力不斷增強，跨區跨省輸送電量穩步增長

截至(zhi)2024年(nian)底，全國(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網35千(qian)(qian)(qian)伏(fu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)以(yi)上輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路(lu)回路(lu)長(chang)(chang)度(du)247.7萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)米，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)1.7%;其中220千(qian)(qian)(qian)伏(fu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)以(yi)上輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路(lu)長(chang)(chang)度(du)960970千(qian)(qian)(qian)米，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)3.5%。全國(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網35千(qian)(qian)(qian)伏(fu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)以(yi)上變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備容量82.1億千(qian)(qian)(qian)伏(fu)安(an)，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)6.7%，其中220千(qian)(qian)(qian)伏(fu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)以(yi)上公(gong)用變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備容量578067萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)伏(fu)安(an)，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)4.9%。2024年(nian)，全國(guo)完(wan)成跨區(qu)輸(shu)送(song)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量9242億千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)8.8%;全國(guo)完(wan)成跨省(sheng)輸(shu)送(song)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量19951億千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)7.0%。

七、全國電力供需總體平衡

2024年，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)力(li)系統穩定運行(xing)，電(dian)(dian)力(li)供(gong)需(xu)總體(ti)平衡。年初全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)大范圍寒潮天氣(qi)，多地出(chu)現(xian)(xian)大幅降溫(wen)(wen)，用電(dian)(dian)負荷(he)快速增長(chang)，華北、華東、南方(fang)等區域部分(fen)省份在用電(dian)(dian)高(gao)(gao)(gao)峰時(shi)段(duan)電(dian)(dian)力(li)供(gong)應(ying)偏(pian)(pian)緊，通過源網荷(he)儲協(xie)同(tong)(tong)發力(li)，守牢了民生(sheng)用電(dian)(dian)安(an)全(quan)(quan)底線。夏(xia)季(ji)(ji)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)平均氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)達到(dao)1961年以來歷史(shi)同(tong)(tong)期(qi)最(zui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)統調最(zui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)用電(dian)(dian)負荷(he)達到(dao)14.5億千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)，同(tong)(tong)比提高(gao)(gao)(gao)1.1億千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)，創歷史(shi)新高(gao)(gao)(gao);華東、華中(zhong)、西南等區域夏(xia)季(ji)(ji)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)持續高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)天氣(qi)，部分(fen)時(shi)段(duan)電(dian)(dian)力(li)供(gong)應(ying)偏(pian)(pian)緊，通過省間現(xian)(xian)貨、應(ying)急調度、需(xu)求響應(ying)等多項措施協(xie)同(tong)(tong)發力(li)，保障了電(dian)(dian)力(li)系統安(an)全(quan)(quan)穩定運行(xing)，未出(chu)現(xian)(xian)有(you)序用電(dian)(dian)情(qing)況。冬(dong)季(ji)(ji)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)偏(pian)(pian)暖(nuan)，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)最(zui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)用電(dian)(dian)負荷(he)低于上年同(tong)(tong)期(qi)，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)力(li)供(gong)應(ying)保障有(you)力(li)有(you)效。

八、電源電網投資持續增長，非化石能源發電投資占電源總投資高達84.6%

2024年，全(quan)國主要電力企(qi)業(ye)合計完成投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)18178億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)13.9%。全(quan)國電源工(gong)程建(jian)(jian)設(she)完成投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)12094億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)13.2%。全(quan)國電網工(gong)程建(jian)(jian)設(she)完成投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)6084億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)15.3%。電源投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)中，水電投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)1154億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)12.2%;火電投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)1879億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)38.0%;核電投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)1419億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)41.6%;風(feng)電投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)3163億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)10.9%;太陽能(neng)發(fa)電投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)4478億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)1.9%。非化石能(neng)源發(fa)電投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)10.0%，占電源總投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)84.6%。

九、直流工程帶動電網投資增速提升，重點輸電通道建設持續推進

直流(liu)工(gong)(gong)程投資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)呈(cheng)現高速增(zeng)長(chang)，投資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)達到476億元(yuan)(yuan)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)227.5%;交流(liu)工(gong)(gong)程5406億元(yuan)(yuan)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)8.4%。全國完成配電(dian)(dian)網(wang)投資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)3216億元(yuan)(yuan)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)10.1%。其中，110千(qian)(qian)伏(fu)(含66千(qian)(qian)伏(fu))電(dian)(dian)網(wang)投資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)下降5.4%;35千(qian)(qian)伏(fu)及以下電(dian)(dian)網(wang)投資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)16.1%，占(zhan)全國電(dian)(dian)網(wang)投資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)比(bi)重為40.2%，同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)提高0.3個百分點。川渝、武漢(han)—南昌、張北(bei)—勝利等一批1000千(qian)(qian)伏(fu)特(te)高壓交流(liu)工(gong)(gong)程順(shun)利投產(chan)。

十、電力降碳減污扎實推進

2024年(nian)，全(quan)國(guo)(guo)單(dan)位火(huo)(huo)電發電量煙塵(chen)、二(er)氧化硫、氮氧化物(wu)排(pai)放強度分別為(wei)13毫克(ke)(ke)(ke)/千瓦時(shi)、77毫克(ke)(ke)(ke)/千瓦時(shi)和125毫克(ke)(ke)(ke)/千瓦時(shi)，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)分別下(xia)降約1毫克(ke)(ke)(ke)/千瓦時(shi)、持平、持平;全(quan)國(guo)(guo)6000千瓦及以上(shang)火(huo)(huo)電廠(chang)供(gong)電標(biao)準煤耗302.4克(ke)(ke)(ke)/千瓦·時(shi)，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)增加0.51克(ke)(ke)(ke)/千瓦時(shi)。2024年(nian)，全(quan)國(guo)(guo)電網線損率(lv)4.36%，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)降低(di)0.18個百分點。

十一、首次發布中國電力碳足跡因子，填補了國內電力碳足跡因子數據空白

2025年(nian)1月21日，生態環境部、國家統(tong)計局(ju)、國家能源局(ju)組織中(zhong)電(dian)(dian)聯等(deng)單位(wei)計算并以《關(guan)于發(fa)布(bu)2023年(nian)電(dian)(dian)力碳(tan)足(zu)跡(ji)因(yin)子(zi)數據(ju)的公告》，公布(bu)了2023年(nian)燃煤(mei)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)、燃氣(qi)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)、輸配電(dian)(dian)等(deng)碳(tan)足(zu)跡(ji)因(yin)子(zi)和全(quan)國電(dian)(dian)力平(ping)均碳(tan)足(zu)跡(ji)因(yin)子(zi)(0.6205kgCO?e/kWh)，填(tian)補了國內電(dian)(dian)力碳(tan)足(zu)跡(ji)因(yin)子(zi)數據(ju)空白。

十二、電力可靠性總體保持平穩

2024年，納(na)(na)入(ru)(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力可(ke)靠(kao)性統(tong)(tong)(tong)計(ji)的(de)水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組等(deng)(deng)(deng)效(xiao)可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)系(xi)(xi)數為(wei)93.78%，同(tong)比(bi)(bi)提(ti)高0.40個(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)點(dian)(dian)(dian);煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組等(deng)(deng)(deng)效(xiao)可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)系(xi)(xi)數為(wei)92.04%，同(tong)比(bi)(bi)提(ti)高0.31個(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)點(dian)(dian)(dian);氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組等(deng)(deng)(deng)效(xiao)可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)系(xi)(xi)數為(wei)92.30%，同(tong)比(bi)(bi)下降(jiang)0.60個(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)點(dian)(dian)(dian);核電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組等(deng)(deng)(deng)效(xiao)可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)系(xi)(xi)數為(wei)90.79%，同(tong)比(bi)(bi)提(ti)高1.44個(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)點(dian)(dian)(dian);風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組等(deng)(deng)(deng)效(xiao)可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)系(xi)(xi)數為(wei)98.45%，同(tong)比(bi)(bi)下降(jiang)0.31個(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)點(dian)(dian)(dian);光伏發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)首次(ci)納(na)(na)入(ru)(ru)可(ke)靠(kao)性統(tong)(tong)(tong)計(ji)，等(deng)(deng)(deng)效(xiao)可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)系(xi)(xi)數為(wei)99.84%。輸(shu)變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)，納(na)(na)入(ru)(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力可(ke)靠(kao)性統(tong)(tong)(tong)計(ji)的(de)220千伏及以上(shang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓等(deng)(deng)(deng)級十一類輸(shu)變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設施的(de)可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)系(xi)(xi)數保持在99.1%以上(shang)。直流(liu)輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)，納(na)(na)入(ru)(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力可(ke)靠(kao)性統(tong)(tong)(tong)計(ji)的(de)51個(ge)直流(liu)輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)合(he)計(ji)能(neng)量可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)率(lv)(lv)為(wei)95.802%，同(tong)比(bi)(bi)降(jiang)低0.994個(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)點(dian)(dian)(dian);能(neng)量利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)率(lv)(lv)為(wei)48.75%，同(tong)比(bi)(bi)提(ti)高6.67個(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)點(dian)(dian)(dian)。供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)，全(quan)國供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)平均供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)可(ke)靠(kao)率(lv)(lv)為(wei)99.924%，同(tong)比(bi)(bi)提(ti)高0.013個(ge)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)分(fen)(fen)點(dian)(dian)(dian);用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)平均停(ting)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間6.71小時(shi)/戶(hu)，同(tong)比(bi)(bi)減少了1.12小時(shi)/戶(hu)。

十三、電力市場交易規模迅速擴大

2024年，全國完成市場交易電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)61796億千瓦·時，同(tong)比(bi)增長9.0%;占全社(she)會用(yong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)比(bi)重(zhong)(zhong)為62.7%，同(tong)比(bi)增長1.3個百分(fen)(fen)點;占電(dian)(dian)網企業售電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)比(bi)重(zhong)(zhong)超過(guo)76%，同(tong)比(bi)增長1個百分(fen)(fen)點。各(ge)電(dian)(dian)力交易平臺累(lei)計注冊(ce)市場主(zhu)體86.8萬家，同(tong)比(bi)增長16.9%。

十四、電力現貨市場建設全面提速

2024年(nian)，我國(guo)電力現(xian)貨市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)迎來新一(yi)輪改(gai)革深(shen)化，山西、廣東(dong)、山東(dong)、甘肅(su)4個(ge)省級現(xian)貨市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)及省間現(xian)貨市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)轉為(wei)正(zheng)式運(yun)(yun)行(xing)，南方區(qu)域(yu)電力市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)完成首次全月(yue)結算(suan)試運(yun)(yun)行(xing)，除西藏、香港、澳(ao)門、臺灣外(wai)，全國(guo)30個(ge)地區(qu)已開展現(xian)貨市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)實踐，電力現(xian)貨市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)建設(she)全面提速(su)。2024年(nian)10月(yue)，省間電力現(xian)貨市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)轉入正(zheng)式運(yun)(yun)行(xing)，交易范圍覆蓋國(guo)家(jia)電網公(gong)司和內蒙古電力公(gong)司，參與主體(ti)超6000家(jia)，累計(ji)交易電量超過(guo)880億千瓦時(shi)，其中清潔能(neng)源電量占比達到(dao)44%，有(you)效發揮促進(jin)余缺互濟、提高清潔能(neng)源消(xiao)納作(zuo)用。

十五、新能源參與市場化交易電量過萬億千瓦時，占全部新能源發電比重為55%

2024年，為適應新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)大規(gui)模發展需要，新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)入市(shi)節(jie)奏(zou)進一步加(jia)快，全國新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)上網電量18351億千瓦時(shi)，其中市(shi)場化(hua)交易電量達10117億千瓦時(shi)，占全部(bu)新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發電的比重為55%。

十六、綠電綠證交易機制不斷完善，綠證交易規模翻兩番

2024年(nian)，電(dian)力(li)行業(ye)積極構建綠(lv)電(dian)、綠(lv)證(zheng)市場體系，不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)完善(shan)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)機制(zhi)，促進綠(lv)電(dian)、綠(lv)證(zheng)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)規(gui)模(mo)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)擴大(da)，全年(nian)核(he)發(fa)綠(lv)證(zheng)47.34億個(ge)，同(tong)比增長超28倍。全國綠(lv)證(zheng)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)規(gui)模(mo)4.46億個(ge)，同(tong)比翻兩番，其(qi)中綠(lv)證(zheng)單獨交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)2.77億個(ge)，以(yi)跨省交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)為主(zhu);綠(lv)色電(dian)力(li)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)綠(lv)證(zheng)1.69億個(ge)，以(yi)省內交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)為主(zhu)。

十七、全國煤電機組年累計獲得容量電費950億元，煤電加快向“兜底保供和系統調節”轉型

2024年，是煤電容量電價政策正式(shi)實施的第一年，全(quan)年全(quan)國煤電機(ji)組累計獲得容量電費950億(yi)元，折度電容量電價為2.07分/千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)，主要發(fa)電企(qi)業容量電費獲取(qu)率接近(jin)90%。容量電價通過固定(ding)成本回收機(ji)制緩(huan)解了煤電企(qi)業因利用小時(shi)下降導致(zhi)的經(jing)營(ying)壓力，推動煤電機(ji)組向“兜底保(bao)供和系統(tong)調(diao)節”功能轉型。

十八、新能源投資依然主導電力對外投資領域

截(jie)至2024年底，中(zhong)(zhong)國主(zhu)要電(dian)力(li)(li)企業(ye)對外(wai)(wai)直接投(tou)(tou)資(zi)項目(mu)共51個，投(tou)(tou)資(zi)總(zong)金(jin)額57.20億美(mei)元(yuan)，同比(bi)增長29.32%。中(zhong)(zhong)國主(zhu)要電(dian)力(li)(li)企業(ye)對外(wai)(wai)投(tou)(tou)資(zi)主(zhu)要涉及太陽能(neng)(neng)發(fa)電(dian)、水電(dian)、風電(dian)、儲能(neng)(neng)、配電(dian)等領(ling)域。從項目(mu)數量(liang)看，新能(neng)(neng)源投(tou)(tou)資(zi)在2024年對外(wai)(wai)投(tou)(tou)資(zi)中(zhong)(zhong)依然占(zhan)據絕對優勢，約(yue)占(zhan)總(zong)量(liang)的76.5%，其中(zhong)(zhong)太陽能(neng)(neng)光伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)占(zhan)比(bi)43.1%，風電(dian)占(zhan)比(bi)33.3%。

預測2025，全國電力供需呈總體平衡態勢

綜合(he)考慮我國當前階段(duan)(duan)的經(jing)濟增(zeng)長(chang)潛力(li)(li)(li)、國家宏觀(guan)調(diao)控(kong)政(zheng)策(ce)措施，預計2025年全國全社(she)會用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)5% - 6%。全國新(xin)增(zeng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)裝(zhuang)機(ji)仍然保(bao)持(chi)快速增(zeng)長(chang)，預計常(chang)規電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)增(zeng)量與(yu)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)負(fu)荷增(zeng)量相當，特(te)高壓(ya)直(zhi)流投產(chan)迎(ying)來高峰(feng)(feng)，資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)配置能力(li)(li)(li)進一步增(zeng)強;但由于(yu)新(xin)能源(yuan)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)機(ji)占比(bi)持(chi)續提升，風(feng)、光、水資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)的不確定性(xing)(xing)增(zeng)加了局(ju)(ju)部(bu)地區部(bu)分(fen)時段(duan)(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)供(gong)應的風(feng)險。綜合(he)考慮用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)增(zeng)長(chang)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網投產(chan)等(deng)情況，以(yi)及氣溫等(deng)不確定性(xing)(xing)因素，預計2025年全國電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)供(gong)需(xu)形勢呈現總(zong)體平衡態勢;迎(ying)峰(feng)(feng)度(du)夏高峰(feng)(feng)期，部(bu)分(fen)省級電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)供(gong)應偏(pian)(pian)緊(jin)，通(tong)過(guo)增(zeng)購外電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、最大(da)化跨(kua)(kua)省跨(kua)(kua)區支援等(deng)措施，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)供(gong)需(xu)偏(pian)(pian)緊(jin)局(ju)(ju)勢可得到緩解(jie);迎(ying)峰(feng)(feng)度(du)冬期間，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)供(gong)需(xu)基本(ben)平衡。

注釋：

① 除(chu)發電(dian)量數據(ju)(ju)外，其他電(dian)力數據(ju)(ju)來自中(zhong)電(dian)聯2024年度統計(ji)(ji)數據(ju)(ju)(簡稱(cheng)“年報(bao)數據(ju)(ju)”)，數據(ju)(ju)因四舍五入的原因存在總計(ji)(ji)與分(fen)項(xiang)合計(ji)(ji)不(bu)等(deng)的情(qing)況，下同。

② 發電量數據(ju)來源于《中華(hua)人民(min)共和國2024年(nian)國民(min)經濟(ji)和社(she)會發展統計公報》。