近日，一(yi)道新能聯合(he)三(san)峽集團(tuan)科學技(ji)(ji)術研究院共(gong)同研發的用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)鈣(gai)(gai)鈦礦(kuang)/TOPCon四端(duan)疊(die)(die)層組(zu)(zu)件(jian)的底(di)電池和組(zu)(zu)件(jian)技(ji)(ji)術獲得重大突破，搭載一(yi)道新能雙面TOPCon底(di)電池的鈣(gai)(gai)鈦礦(kuang)/晶(jing)硅四端(duan)疊(die)(die)層組(zu)(zu)件(jian)完成(cheng)批量出貨，開始應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)三(san)峽能源50MW光伏先進技(ji)(ji)術發電示范基地，其中雙面鈣(gai)(gai)鈦礦(kuang)/TOPCon四端(duan)疊(die)(die)層組(zu)(zu)件(jian)電站容量為500kW，項目(mu)建成(cheng)后(hou)將成(cheng)為全國首個(ge)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)雙面TOPCon電池實(shi)現四端(duan)鈣(gai)(gai)鈦礦(kuang)/晶(jing)硅疊(die)(die)層電池組(zu)(zu)件(jian)示范應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)項目(mu)。

雙(shuang)面鈣鈦(tai)礦/硅四端疊(die)層電池原理(li)圖

突破瓶頸

雙面鈣(gai)鈦礦/TOPCon四(si)(si)端疊層組(zu)件由一(yi)個(ge)寬帶隙鈣(gai)鈦礦電(dian)(dian)池(chi)和一(yi)個(ge)窄帶隙的(de)TOPCon電(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)成。寬帶隙與窄帶隙電(dian)(dian)池(chi)疊層拓寬了太陽光光子的(de)利用率(lv)，因此疊層電(dian)(dian)池(chi)具(ju)有比單結電(dian)(dian)池(chi)更高的(de)極限(xian)光電(dian)(dian)轉化(hua)效(xiao)率(lv)，一(yi)道(dao)新能理論模擬研究(jiu)表明, 四(si)(si)端鈣(gai)鈦礦/TOPCon的(de)極限(xian)效(xiao)率(lv)可達40%以上。

近年(nian)來，TOPCon技(ji)術(shu)(shu)已經替代(dai)PERC技(ji)術(shu)(shu)成為(wei)晶硅光(guang)伏市(shi)場(chang)的(de)主流，預計2024年(nian)的(de)市(shi)場(chang)份額將超(chao)過70%，具(ju)有(you)效率高(gao)、發電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)高(gao)、雙(shuang)面率高(gao)、成本低的(de)特(te)點，一(yi)道新能TOPCon 4.0 Plus電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)開(kai)路電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)超(chao)過742mV，已經成為(wei)疊(die)(die)層電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)理想底電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。與(yu)常規(gui)單(dan)結TOPCon電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)應用不(bu)同，疊(die)(die)層電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)吸收的(de)太陽光(guang)譜分別被頂(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)和底電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)吸收，因此突破高(gao)效率疊(die)(die)層太陽能電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)關鍵(jian)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)是TOPCon電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)紅外(wai)(wai)光(guang)譜效率足夠高(gao)，TOPCon電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)能夠極大吸收從頂(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)透(tou)過的(de)紅外(wai)(wai)光(guang)，得(de)到更高(gao)的(de)轉換效率。

一道新(xin)能研發(fa)的(de)用于雙(shuang)(shuang)面(mian)(mian)四(si)端雙(shuang)(shuang)面(mian)(mian)鈣鈦礦(kuang)/TOPCon疊層電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)底(di)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)技(ji)術(shu)，底(di)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)采用最先進(jin)的(de)TOPCon 4.0 Plus技(ji)術(shu)，創新(xin)使(shi)用背面(mian)(mian)鈍化勢壘(lei)再(zai)塑(su)技(ji)術(shu)、背面(mian)(mian)光反射(she)技(ji)術(shu)、超(chao)薄多(duo)晶硅沉積技(ji)術(shu)，使(shi)TOPCon電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)長(chang)(chang)波長(chang)(chang)響(xiang)應提升了(le)20%以(yi)上(shang)，開(kai)發(fa)出適合疊層技(ji)術(shu)底(di)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)TOPCon電(dian)池(chi)(chi)。據第三方CNAS實驗室測(ce)試報告表明，其(qi)TOPCon底(di)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)發(fa)電(dian)效率(lv)占(zhan)四(si)端疊層組件的(de)40%，遠超(chao)出了(le)通(tong)常底(di)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)效率(lv)占(zhan)比約1/3的(de)限(xian)制，該項目(mu)鈣鈦礦(kuang)/TOPCon四(si)端疊層組件光電(dian)轉換效率(lv)達(da)25.4%。同時，TOPCon底(di)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)雙(shuang)(shuang)面(mian)(mian)率(lv)高達(da)85%，底(di)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)雙(shuang)(shuang)面(mian)(mian)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)特性使(shi)其(qi)能有(you)效收集背面(mian)(mian)的(de)光，從而增加了(le)載流子(zi)的(de)產生，使(shi)疊層電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)發(fa)電(dian)量(liang)進(jin)一步增加。

雙面(mian)鈣鈦(tai)礦/TOPCon四端(duan)疊(die)層組件結(jie)構圖

持續創新

雙面鈣(gai)(gai)鈦(tai)礦/TOPCon疊層組件采用四端疊層設計，與兩端疊層電(dian)(dian)池(chi)相(xiang)比，最大優勢是頂(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)與底電(dian)(dian)池(chi)在制(zhi)備和(he)使用過程中互相(xiang)獨立，不需考慮頂(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)與底電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的工藝(yi)兼容問題(ti)以及頂(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)與底電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的電(dian)(dian)流匹配問題(ti)，可以從TOPCon組件和(he)鈣(gai)(gai)鈦(tai)礦端分別研發和(he)優化，具有(you)經濟性(xing)和(he)可落(luo)地的產(chan)業(ye)化應用前景。

該項(xiang)目中期(qi)(qi)驗(yan)收(shou)評審專家組(zu)組(zu)長、光(guang)伏材料(liao)與電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)全(quan)(quan)國重(zhong)點(dian)實驗(yan)室(shi)主任，南開大學(xue)趙穎教授表示(shi)，該項(xiang)目雙面鈣(gai)鈦(tai)(tai)(tai)礦(kuang)(kuang)/TOPCon疊(die)(die)層(ceng)組(zu)件采用(yong)TOPCon電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)作為(wei)底電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)取得了(le)多項(xiang)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)突破，有效(xiao)(xiao)提(ti)升紅外光(guang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)量子效(xiao)(xiao)率，支撐了(le)四(si)端(duan)(duan)鈣(gai)鈦(tai)(tai)(tai)礦(kuang)(kuang)/晶硅疊(die)(die)層(ceng)組(zu)件提(ti)升效(xiao)(xiao)率，未來還具有非常大的(de)(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)(xiao)率提(ti)升空間。一(yi)道(dao)(dao)新(xin)能(neng)CTO宋登元博士(shi)表示(shi)，四(si)端(duan)(duan)疊(die)(die)層(ceng)組(zu)件能(neng)夠靈活地分配(pei)入(ru)射光(guang)譜，不需要電(dian)(dian)流匹配(pei)，能(neng)夠最大的(de)(de)(de)(de)發揮TOPCon作為(wei)晶硅底電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)優勢。一(yi)道(dao)(dao)新(xin)能(neng)前(qian)瞻性布局了(le)“一(yi)主三翼”全(quan)(quan)景技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)路線，以TOPCon作為(wei)平臺技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)支撐，多種技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)路線齊頭并進(jin)，目前(qian)各項(xiang)創新(xin)型(xing)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)均已取得預(yu)期(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)階段性成果。搭(da)載(zai)一(yi)道(dao)(dao)新(xin)能(neng)TOPCon底電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，與鈣(gai)鈦(tai)(tai)(tai)礦(kuang)(kuang)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)等(deng)相結合形成的(de)(de)(de)(de)鈣(gai)鈦(tai)(tai)(tai)礦(kuang)(kuang)/TOPCon兩端(duan)(duan)疊(die)(die)層(ceng)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)（TSiP）目前(qian)效(xiao)(xiao)率達(da)到33.2%。本次雙面鈣(gai)鈦(tai)(tai)(tai)礦(kuang)(kuang)/TOPCon疊(die)(die)層(ceng)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)底電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)研制成功，進(jin)一(yi)步證(zheng)明了(le)TOPCon電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)優異的(de)(de)(de)(de)平臺技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)特(te)點(dian)。

未來，一道新能(neng)將持續加大新技術的研(yan)發，提升(sheng)科(ke)研(yan)投入(ru)，特別是推動(dong)新技術的產業化落地，通過(guo)供(gong)應鏈優化和智能(neng)制造等技術手段，降(jiang)低新型(xing)(xing)光伏組(zu)件的生產成本(ben)，滿(man)足(zu)我(wo)國清潔能(neng)源轉(zhuan)型(xing)(xing)的戰略需求。