為(wei)嚴格(ge)分(fen)布式光伏項目(mu)土地(di)(di)(di)管理(li)，避(bi)免出現弄虛作(zuo)假(jia)、騙取備案(an)、違法違規占用(yong)永久基本農田、耕地(di)(di)(di)、林(lin)地(di)(di)(di)、其他農用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)以(yi)及建(jian)設用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)、未利用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)用(yong)于(yu)光伏發電項目(mu)等情況出現，山東省淄(zi)博市周村區自(zi)然資(zi)源(yuan)局曾(ceng)發布《光伏用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)政(zheng)策宣(xuan)講書(shu)》。

光伏用地政策宣講書

各光伏發(fa)電(dian)建設、施工單位(wei)或個人、用地單位(wei)或個人：

今年以來(lai)，光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)突(tu)飛(fei)猛進(jin)，但通過(guo)檢查來(lai)看，此(ci)類項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)也亂象(xiang)叢生。主要是(shi)部分單位或(huo)個(ge)人違(wei)(wei)(wei)法(fa)采取冒(mao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)他(ta)人不動產證(zheng)、土(tu)地(di)(di)證(zheng)件或(huo)土(tu)地(di)(di)批文騙取光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)備(bei)案，涉嫌違(wei)(wei)(wei)法(fa)犯罪，有的(de)(de)違(wei)(wei)(wei)法(fa)占(zhan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)耕地(di)(di)甚至(zhi)永久基本農田，空閑的(de)(de)一(yi)般(ban)農用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)建設(she)光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)，涉嫌構成違(wei)(wei)(wei)法(fa)占(zhan)地(di)(di)，給土(tu)地(di)(di)管(guan)理(li)帶來(lai)嚴(yan)重威脅。為嚴(yan)格土(tu)地(di)(di)管(guan)理(li)，確(que)保(bao)安(an)全生產，避免因弄(nong)虛(xu)作(zuo)假，騙取備(bei)案，構成違(wei)(wei)(wei)法(fa)犯罪，杜(du)絕(jue)違(wei)(wei)(wei)法(fa)違(wei)(wei)(wei)規(gui)占(zhan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)永久基本農田、耕地(di)(di)、林地(di)(di)、其他(ta)農用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)以及建設(she)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)、未(wei)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)，依據《土(tu)地(di)(di)管(guan)理(li)法(fa)實施條例(li)》，自然(ran)資(zi)源部辦(ban)(ban)公廳(ting)、國家林業和草原局(ju)辦(ban)(ban)公室、國家能(neng)源局(ju)綜合司《關(guan)(guan)(guan)于支持光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電產業發(fa)(fa)(fa)展規(gui)范用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)管(guan)理(li)有關(guan)(guan)(guan)工作(zuo)的(de)(de)通知(zhi)》（自然(ran)資(zi)辦(ban)(ban)發(fa)(fa)(fa)〔2023〕12號）和山(shan)東省發(fa)(fa)(fa)展和改(gai)革(ge)委員(yuan)會、山(shan)東省能(neng)源局(ju)、山(shan)東省住房和城鄉建設(she)廳(ting)、山(shan)東省市場監督管(guan)理(li)局(ju)、國家能(neng)源局(ju)山(shan)東監管(guan)辦(ban)(ban)公室《關(guan)(guan)(guan)于推進(jin)分布式(shi)光(guang)伏(fu)高質量發(fa)(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)通知(zhi)》（魯發(fa)(fa)(fa)改(gai)能(neng)源〔2023〕1029號）文件規(gui)定要求，現將有關(guan)(guan)(guan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)政策宣講如下：

一、光伏發電項目實行分類和備案管理

分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)光(guang)伏(fu)包括(kuo)戶用(yong)光(guang)伏(fu)和工(gong)商業分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)光(guang)伏(fu)。其(qi)中，戶用(yong)光(guang)伏(fu)是(shi)指(zhi)自然人(ren)利用(yong)宅基(ji)地范圍內(nei)的(de)(de)建筑物(wu)(wu)，以(yi)及附屬物(wu)(wu)建設的(de)(de)分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)光(guang)伏(fu)；工(gong)商業分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)光(guang)伏(fu)是(shi)指(zhi)就(jiu)地開發、就(jiu)近利用(yong)且單點并(bing)網裝機容量小于6兆瓦的(de)(de)戶用(yong)光(guang)伏(fu)以(yi)外的(de)(de)各類分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)光(guang)伏(fu)。

分(fen)(fen)布(bu)式光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)實(shi)行(xing)屬(shu)地備(bei)(bei)(bei)案(an)管理。戶(hu)(hu)用光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)由(you)(you)(you)自然人提(ti)供有效身(shen)份證明(ming)(ming)、項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)場(chang)(chang)址權屬(shu)證明(ming)(ming)、項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)自投(tou)說明(ming)(ming)等(deng)相(xiang)關材(cai)料，由(you)(you)(you)當地電(dian)(dian)網企(qi)業(ye)(ye)代為備(bei)(bei)(bei)案(an)；電(dian)(dian)網企(qi)業(ye)(ye)應在戶(hu)(hu)用光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)并(bing)(bing)網前復核光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)或設(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)購置(zhi)發(fa)(fa)票抬頭(包括光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)組件(jian)、逆變(bian)器(qi)等(deng))與備(bei)(bei)(bei)案(an)主(zhu)體的一致性，不一致的待完善相(xiang)關備(bei)(bei)(bei)案(an)信息(xi)后方(fang)可并(bing)(bing)網。工(gong)商業(ye)(ye)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)式光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)由(you)(you)(you)開發(fa)(fa)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)提(ti)供企(qi)業(ye)(ye)營業(ye)(ye)執(zhi)照(zhao)、法人有效身(shen)份證明(ming)(ming)、項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)場(chang)(chang)址產權合法性等(deng)相(xiang)關材(cai)料，到備(bei)(bei)(bei)案(an)機關進行(xing)備(bei)(bei)(bei)案(an)，并(bing)(bing)對備(bei)(bei)(bei)案(an)信息(xi)的真實(shi)性、合法性和完整性負責(ze)。通過租賃屋頂(ding)或出租光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)設(she)施等(deng)方(fang)式建(jian)設(she)的分(fen)(fen)布(bu)式光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)，按照(zhao)工(gong)商業(ye)(ye)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)式光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)管理，由(you)(you)(you)開發(fa)(fa)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)備(bei)(bei)(bei)案(an)。對于利用園區、廠(chang)房屋頂(ding)、場(chang)(chang)地，以及利用坑塘水面(mian)、畜牧養殖等(deng)集中(zhong)連片建(jian)設(she)的6兆瓦及以上光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)，不得拆分(fen)(fen)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)備(bei)(bei)(bei)案(an)。

光(guang)伏(fu)建設項目應當提(ti)交有(you)關證明(ming)(ming)材(cai)料(liao)后(hou)報區行政審批(pi)局備案(an)。光(guang)伏(fu)并(bing)網發(fa)電(dian)應當提(ti)交有(you)關證明(ming)(ming)材(cai)料(liao)后(hou)報電(dian)網企(qi)業備案(an)。

凡是光伏發(fa)電項目一律(lv)不得(de)通過虛(xu)假材料，制作假證(zheng)騙(pian)取(qu)備案(an)。一經發(fa)現，將移(yi)交公安機關追究法律(lv)責任(ren)，所(suo)建(jian)光伏項目一律(lv)拆(chai)除。

二、光伏發電項目用地實行分類管理

新(xin)建(jian)、擴建(jian)光(guang)伏(fu)發電項目，一律(lv)不得占(zhan)用永(yong)久(jiu)基本農田(tian)、耕地(di)、基本草原、Ⅰ級(ji)保護(hu)林(lin)地(di)和(he)東北內蒙古重點國有林(lin)區(qu)。

光伏發電(dian)項目(mu)用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)包括光伏方陣(zhen)用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)（含(han)光伏面板、采用(yong)直埋電(dian)纜敷設(she)方式的集電(dian)線路(lu)等(deng)用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)）和配套(tao)設(she)施用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)（含(han)變(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)及運行(xing)(xing)管理(li)中心、集電(dian)線路(lu)、場(chang)內外(wai)道路(lu)等(deng)用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)，具(ju)體依據(ju)《光伏發電(dian)站(zhan)工(gong)程項目(mu)用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)控制指標(biao)》的分類(lei)(lei)），根據(ju)用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)性質(zhi)實行(xing)(xing)分類(lei)(lei)管理(li)。

（一(yi)）光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)陣(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)陣(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)不(bu)(bu)得占用(yong)耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，占用(yong)其(qi)他農用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)，應根據(ju)實(shi)(shi)際合(he)(he)理(li)(li)控制(zhi)，節約集約用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，盡量避免(mian)對生態(tai)(tai)和農業生產造成影響。光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)陣(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)涉及(ji)使(shi)用(yong)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)，須采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)互(hu)補(bu)模式(shi)，可使(shi)用(yong)年降水量400毫(hao)米以下區(qu)域(yu)的(de)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)木(mu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)以及(ji)其(qi)他區(qu)域(yu)覆蓋度低于(yu)50%的(de)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)木(mu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，不(bu)(bu)得采(cai)(cai)(cai)伐(fa)(fa)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)木(mu)、割灌(guan)(guan)(guan)及(ji)破壞(huai)原(yuan)有植被，不(bu)(bu)得將喬(qiao)木(mu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、竹林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)等采(cai)(cai)(cai)伐(fa)(fa)改(gai)造為灌(guan)(guan)(guan)木(mu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)后(hou)架(jia)(jia)設(she)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)板(ban)；光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)支架(jia)(jia)最(zui)低點應高于(yu)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)木(mu)高度1米以上(shang)，每列光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)板(ban)南北方(fang)(fang)(fang)向應合(he)(he)理(li)(li)設(she)置(zhi)凈間距，具體由(you)各(ge)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)結合(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)確定(ding)，并采(cai)(cai)(cai)取有效水土保持(chi)措施，確保灌(guan)(guan)(guan)木(mu)覆蓋度等生長狀態(tai)(tai)不(bu)(bu)低于(yu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)互(hu)補(bu)前水平。光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)陣(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)按規定(ding)使(shi)用(yong)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)木(mu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)，施工期間應辦(ban)理(li)(li)臨時使(shi)用(yong)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)手續，運營期間相關方(fang)(fang)(fang)簽訂協(xie)議，項目(mu)(mu)服務期滿(man)后(hou)應當恢(hui)復林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)原(yuan)狀。光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)陣(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)涉及(ji)占用(yong)基本草原(yuan)外草原(yuan)的(de)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)草主(zhu)管部門應科(ke)學評估本地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)草原(yuan)資源(yuan)與(yu)生態(tai)(tai)狀況，合(he)(he)理(li)(li)確定(ding)項目(mu)(mu)的(de)適(shi)建區(qu)域(yu)、建設(she)模式(shi)與(yu)建設(she)要(yao)求。鼓勵(li)采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)“草光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)互(hu)補(bu)”模式(shi)。

光伏方陣用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)不(bu)得改變(bian)地(di)(di)(di)表形態(tai)（必須有建(jian)筑物，且不(bu)占(zhan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)耕地(di)(di)(di)、永久基本農(nong)田(tian)，及禁止安裝光伏發電項目的(de)其他農(nong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)。涉及違(wei)法占(zhan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)建(jian)設(she)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)未處罰到(dao)位的(de)，必須首(shou)先對于違(wei)法占(zhan)地(di)(di)(di)予以處罰到(dao)位），以第(di)三次(ci)全國(guo)國(guo)土調查及后續開(kai)展的(de)年度國(guo)土變(bian)更調查成(cheng)果為底版，依(yi)法依(yi)規進行(xing)管理。實行(xing)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)備案，不(bu)需按(an)非農(nong)建(jian)設(she)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)審(shen)批。

光伏方陣(zhen)用(yong)地允許(xu)以(yi)租賃(lin)等方式取得，用(yong)地單位與農(nong)村集體經(jing)濟組織或國有(you)土(tu)地權(quan)利主體、當(dang)地鄉鎮政府簽訂用(yong)地與補(bu)償協議，報當(dang)地縣級自然資(zi)源和林草主管部門備案。

（二）配(pei)套設(she)(she)施用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)管理(li)。光伏(fu)(fu)發電項目(mu)配(pei)套設(she)(she)施用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)，按(an)(an)建設(she)(she)用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)進行管理(li)，依法依規辦理(li)建設(she)(she)用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)審(shen)批手續。其中，涉及占用(yong)(yong)耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)的(de)，按(an)(an)規定(ding)落(luo)(luo)實占補平(ping)衡。符合光伏(fu)(fu)用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)標準，位于方陣(zhen)內部和四周，直接配(pei)套光伏(fu)(fu)方陣(zhen)的(de)道路(lu)，可按(an)(an)農村(cun)道路(lu)用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)管理(li)，涉及占用(yong)(yong)耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)的(de)，按(an)(an)規定(ding)落(luo)(luo)實進出平(ping)衡。其他道路(lu)按(an)(an)建設(she)(she)用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)管理(li)。

三、光伏發電用地負面清單

1.沒(mei)有建筑(zhu)物和構筑(zhu)物，未辦理合(he)法建設用地手續的(de)地塊(kuai)，不得擅(shan)自(zi)新增光伏發(fa)電(dian)項目。

2.有建筑(zhu)(zhu)物(wu)和構筑(zhu)(zhu)物(wu)，但自“三(san)調(diao)”以(yi)來，任一年度含有農(nong)用地的(de)地塊，不得通過備案方式(shi)擅自安裝光(guang)伏發電項(xiang)目(mu)。

3.有建筑物，但納入存量亂占耕地建房排查整(zheng)治(zhi)范(fan)圍或屬于新增亂占耕地范(fan)圍的，不得新增光伏(fu)發電(dian)項目(mu)。

4.“農(nong)光(guang)互(hu)補”“林光(guang)互(hu)補”項目未辦理(li)設施農(nong)業(ye)備案(an)手續或(huo)雖(sui)已辦理(li)設施農(nong)業(ye)備案(an)手續但實(shi)際未將(jiang)地塊用于設施農(nong)業(ye)的不得通過備案(an)方式新增光(guang)伏發(fa)電項目。